The X-Philes (2nd Revision)

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Text File | 1992-03-22 | 14KB | 528 lines

Freyja Calculator HP-45A-like Calculator DESIGN This calculator is a non-programmable, scientific calculator, roughly equivalent to an HP-45A or a 41C with some functions missing. It offers some extra functions (e.g., binary math). The internal arithmetic is done using the C language "double" arithmetic supplied with your C compiler. This documentation assumes that you already know all about RPN calculators in general and the HP calculators in particular. ENTERING NUMBERS Numbers look pretty much as you would expect. - Real numbers can consist of the digits 0-9, a radix mark ('.' or ','), digit separators (the non-radix mark '.' or ','), an exponent character ('e' or 'E'), and an exponent. Use the '~' or '`' characters (or F9) for entering negative numbers or exponents. - Binary numbers start with a # sign, then contain the digits 0-9, a-f, or A-F. They are interpreted and displayed according to the current default base. They will also be masked to the current word size. In all cases, number termination is by means of a space, ^G, ^M, ^J, ^[, $, %, *, +, -, or / character. Some operators include the above termination characters as part of their names (e.g., "1/X"). You can enter these by starting the command with a single quote ("'"). Doing so disables the "immediate action" of the %, *, +, -, /, `, and ~ characters. Numbers are converted between real and binary as needed (and expected) by the operators. There are no illegal combinations, although there may be illegal values (e.g., square root of a negative number). DISPLAY Numbers are displayed according to their type and the current display settings. These settings are: - Real numbers: Std, Fix, Sci, Eng, the latter three requiring a 0-... number of digits (only Std is supported for now). There are two other settings: radix mark . or , digit separators shown Y or N (if Y, the separator is the one of , or . that is not the current radix mark) - Binary numbers: always displayed in the current base #XXXY, where Y is 'b', 'o', 'd', or 'h', designating Bin, Oct, Dec, and Hex modes. STACK LIFT The calculator handles stack lift more like an HP-28C/S or 48S/SX than a "normal" HP. Number (and command name entry) is handled in a separate place and not the X register. The entered number (or command) can be edited arbitrarily before it is terminated by a closing function that is actually executed. Hence, the concept of stack lift does not play a very important role. All operations leave stack lift enabled except for: CLX ENTER^ (or T) \GS+ (or ~+) \GS- (or ~-) No operations are neutral. COMMANDS ^G Exit calculator w/no action. ^H Delete the preceeding character or clear X if no preceeding character. ^J Exit calculator, inserting X into the buffer at the point. Leave the mark at the start of the number and the point at the start. ^M Finish the current number or operator. ^[ Exit calculator w/no action. SP Finish the current number or operator. $ Return to the editor. % Percentage. ' Start a quoted command. * Multiplication. + Addition. - Subtraction. / Division. ^ Exponentiation. ? Help. ` CHS or NEG. ~ CHS or NEG. ^? Delete the preceeding character or clear X if no preceeding character. MSDOS only: F1 Help. F9 CHS or NEG. F10 Exit Freyja. Alt-B Last X, immediate execute. Alt-C X<>Y, immediate execute. Alt-L CHS, immediate execute. Alt-M RCL. Alt-N STO. Alt-V RDN, immediate execute. Alt-X 1/X, immediate execute. Alt-Z SQRT, immediate execute. COMMAND LIST These commands are all executed by typing their name, then completing them with a space, ^M, or ^J. If a space is used as the terminator, it does not do an implied Enter. %%% register designator: # numeric X,Y,Z,T,L stack A alpha \GS,~ summation .%%% indirect IND%%% indirect ### number &&& label: # numeric "string" alpha label .### indirect @@@ buffer name name does % percent %CH percent change %TOT percent of total * multiply + add - subtract / divide 1/X inverse (not typable: must use INV) 10^X common exponent (not typable: must use ALOG) <%%% recall >%%% store ABS absolute value ACOS arc cosine ALOG common exponent AND bitwise and ASIN arc sin ATAN arc tangenet B set binary mode CF### clear flag CLRG clear registers CLST clear stack CLX clear x CL\GS CL~ clear summation COS cosine D set decimal mode D-R convert degrees to radians DATE- subtract the number of days in X to date in Y using the current calenndar DATE+ add the number of days in X to date in Y using the current calenndar DATE return the current date DDAYS compute the number of days between two dates using the current calenndar DEC convert octal to decimal DEFAULT restore default settings DEG set degrees mode DIGSEPOFF set the digit separator mark to not displayed DIGSEPON set the digit separator mark to displayed DMY set D.MY mode DOW figure the day of the week for a date (0=Sunday) ENTER^ enter E^X natural exponent E^X-1 natural exponent - 1 FACT factorial FRC fractional part GRAD set grads mode H set hexadecimal mode HELP help HMS- subtract two times in H.MS notation HMS+ add two times in H.MS notation HMS convert decimal hours to H.MS HR convert H.MS to decimal hours INT integer part INV inverse L recall last x LASTX recall last x LN natural logarithm LN1+X natural logarithm + 1 LOG common logarithm MDY set M.DY mode MEAN average MEMLOAD ask for a filename and load memory from that file MEMSAVE ask for a feilename and save memory to that file MEMVIEW view interpreted calculator memory in %calc% buffer MEM\GS view interpretad summation memory in %calc% buffer MEM~ view interpretad summation memory in %calc% buffer MOD modulus NEG negate NOT bitwise not NULL no op O set octal mode OCT convert decimal to octal OR bitwise or P-R convert polar to rectangular PI constant pi R roll down R-D convert radians to degrees R-P convert rectangular to polar RAD set radians mode RADIX, set the radix mark to , RADIX. set the radix mark to . RCL%%% recall (try rcl~78) RDN roll down R^ roll up S swap: x<>y SDEV standard deviation SF### set flag SIGN sign of number SIN sin SQRT square root ST%%% store STD set display all digits notation STO%%% store T enter TAN tangent TIME return the current time TRACEOFF turn trace mode off TRACEON turn trace mode on WSIZE set the word size WSIZE? get the word size X360 set calendar mode to 360 day calendar X365 set calendar mode to 365 day calendar X<>%%% swap with XACTUAL set calendar mode to actual calendar XCAL generates a calendar for the specified month in the %cal% buffer XCALD moves the calendar by X months XEQ@@@ switches input to the specified buffer (sort of like executing a program) XOR bitwise xor XRND takes an argument from the stack (small integer) and rounds the number to that number of decimal places XROOT xth root of y X^2 square Y^X exponentiation \GD% delta % \GS+ ~+ summation plus \GS- ~- summation minus \GSREG ~REG set summation register \GSREG? ~REG? what is summation register pointer ^ exponentiation CALCUALTOR-RELATED FREYJA COMMANDS ^[ ^A Mark the current number (mark to start, point to end). ^[ ^B Move backward one number. ^[ ^E Mark the current number and enter it into the calculator. ^[ ^F Move forward one number. ^[ ^M Insert a printed copy of the number in the X register into the buffer. If an argument is supplied, do ^[ ^A ^W first. ^[ ^U Invoke the calculator. ^[ ^] Load the program specified by the argument into the keyboard macro. SYSTEM BUFFERS USED %alpha% the alpha register %cal% calendar output %calc% miscellaneous calculator output (e.g., status dump) %print% printer output (not cleared before use) %trace% trace output (not cleared before use) FREYJA-LOCAL FLAGS start size default use 65 8 BINSIZE word size for binary integers 73 2 hex binary number mode: flag 74 73 0 0 decimal 0 1 octal 1 0 binary 1 1 hexadecimal 75 2 uns complement mode (not implemented) flag 76 75 0 0 unsigned 0 1 1's 1 0 2's 1 1 unsigned (don't use) 77 2 actual calendar mode flag 78 77 0 0 360 day 0 1 actual 1 0 365 day 1 1 actual (don't use) 78 2 unused 81 16 11 summation base register 97 1 0 if set, commands must be entered in upper case 98 1 0 if set, the program is assumed to *not* contain line numbers: if present, they will be interpeted. line numbers are of the form: 0 or 1 space characters 2-4 digit characters 1 space character or 1 label marker (not implemented) 99 1 0 if set, the alpha register will be truncated to 24 bytes after every alpha operation (not implemented) 100 1 0 if set, filenames will be truncated to 7 characters before being used (not implemented) SAVING MEMORY Calculator memory can be saved with the MEMSAVE command. You are asked for a file name and all memory (registers, flags, stack, etc.) is saved to the specified file. A file's contents can be loaded with the MEMLOAD command. PROGRAMS A program is created by means of the ^X ( and ^X ) commands. This program can be saved the ^[ ^] command. This command inserts the current keyboard macro contents at the point. You can then use normal editing commands to manpulate and save it. The typical sequence is: - create a keyboard macro - create an empty buffer - give the ^[ ^] command - save the buffer You now have your program saved. You can execute it in one of two ways: 1: - find the file with your program - XEQ<name> 2: - find the file with your program - give the ^U ^[ ^] command to copy the buffer to the keyboard macro - execute it with ^] The second method allows you to give a repeat count. LATER 41CX functions to be done later (??? don't know the character code(s) yet). These are basically the alpha register, program control, extended memory, alarm, and other specialized functions. ADATE date to alpha ADV paper advance ALEN length of alpha ALMCAT alarm catalog ALMNOW activate oldest alarm ANUM number in alpha to x AOFF alpha keyboard off AON alpha keyboard off APPCHR append char to record APPREC append record to file ARCL recall alpha ARCLREC append record to alpha AROT rotate alpha ASHF alpha shift ASROOM bytes available in file ASTO%%% alpha store ATIME time to alpha ATIME24 time in 24 hour clock to alpha ATOX left byte of alpha to x AVIEW alpha view BEEP beep CAT### catalogs CLA clear alpha CLALMA clear alarm in alpha CLALMX clear alarm in x CLD clear display CLFL clear file CLK12 12 hour clock mode CLK24 24 hour clock mode CLKEYS clear keys CLKT display time CLKTD display time and date CLOCK display running clock CLP clear programn CLRALMS clear alarms CLRGX clear registers according to x COPY copy program CORRECT correct the time CRFLAS create text file CRFLD create data file DELCHR delete char from record DELREC delete record from file DSE decrement and skip if equal ED invoke editor EMDIR extended memory directory EMDIRX extended memory directory of Xth file EMROOM room in extended memory END end program ENG### engineering notation F### function (soft, menu) key ### FC?### is flag clear FC?C### is flag clear and clear FLSIZE return file size FIX### fixed notation FS?### is flag set FS?C### is flag set and clear GETAS get file GETKEY get a key GETKEYX get a key timed GETP get program GETR get registers GETREC get record GETRX get a registers according to X GETSUB get a subroutine GETX get a register GTO&&& goto INSCHR insert a char into a record INSREC insert a record into a file ISG increment and skip if greater LBL&&& label (.### not allowed, printed listings always prefixed with a 206 (octal) character) OFF turn off ON turn on PACK pack memory PASN programmable key assingment PCLPS programmable clear program POSA find position in alpha POSFL find position in file PROMPT display a prompt PSE pause PSIZE program size PURFL purge file RCLAF recall clock accuracy RCLALM recall alarm RCLFLAG recall flags RCLPT recall file pointer RCLPTA recall file pointer according to alpha RCLSW recall stopwatch REGMOVE move register block REGSWAP swap register block RESZFL change file size RND round RTN return RUNSW run stopwatch SAVEAS save text file SAVEP save program SAVER save registers SAVERX save registers according to x SAVEX save a register SCI### scientific notation SEEKPT see a file SEEPTA see a file according to alpha SETAF set clock accuracy factor SETDATE set date SETIME set time SETSW set stopwatch SIZE### set curtain SIZE? what is curtain STOFLAG store flags STOP stop STOPSW stop the stopwatch SW invoke the stopwatch SWPT set stopwatch register pointer T+X adjust clock TONE### tone VIEW%%% view X!=%%%? X\035%%%? compare X!=0? X\0350? compare X!=Y? X\035Y? compare X<%%%? compare X<0? compare X<Y? compare X<=%%%? compare X<=0? compare X<=Y? compare X<>F swap X and flags X<>Y swap X=%%%? compare X=0? compare X=Y? compare X>%%%? compare X>0? compare X>Y? compare X>=%%%? compare X>=0? compare X>=Y? compare XEQ&&& subroutine call XROM###,### xrom call XTOA x to left byte of alpha XYZALM set specified alarm ??? append Plus the TVM functions and fractions (a la the 32SII).